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Volume 27 , Issue 4
July/August 2007
Pages 313-323

Timing, Positioning, and Sequential Staging in Esthetic Implant Therapy: A Four-Dimensional Perspective

Akiyoshi Funato, DDS / Maurice A. Salama, DMD / Tomohiro Ishikawa, DDS / David A. Garber, DMD / Henry Salama, DMD

PMID: 17726987
DOI: 10.11607/prd.00.0753

Many articles address the predictability of immediate implant placement into extraction sockets; however, there are only a few reports that mention the indications and limitations of this technique. The aim of this article is to re-examine specific indications for immediate implant placement and to clarify the timing or “fourth dimension” relative to extraction and implant placement. The expanded concept of four-dimensional implant treatment planning involves the new axis of time, which must be considered along with the traditional spatial or three-dimensional management of implant positioning. (Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2007;27:313–323.)

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